Fluid-actuated engine.



EDWIN a. .innsraordor Enna, PENNSYLVANIA.

FLUIBASTUATE-B ENINE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be 1t known that I, EDWIN J. ARMSTRoNG,

v a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county ofErie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful'Improvements in Fluid-Actuated Engines,

f which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to fluid actuated engines, and conssts in certainimprovements 1n the construction thereof as will be hereinafter fullydescribed 4and pointed out i in the claims.

las

More particularly ythe invention relates to thatty e'of fluid actuatedengines, which are use with portable tools, and as shown in theaccompanying drawings, theinven- `tion is exemplified in the form of apneunatic drill, as `follows:

Fi ure 1 shows a central vertical section throughthe drill. Fig. 2 aplan view of one of the intermediate gears of the transmisf sionmechanism on which a governor is mounted. Fig. 3 an enlarged view of anauxiliary valve. r r

. 1 marks the case in which the mechanism is inclosed. This is formedwith a partition 2 which divides thecase into two compartments. Theupper compartment is closed by'a cover 3 which is screwed into the case1, and the lower compartment. is closed b y a cover 3 which is screwedi'nto the case at the bottom. A turbine wheel 4 having bucketsl isarranged in the upper compartment. which for convenience I term theturbine wheel com artment.- This is fixed on' a hollow sha a bearing 10which is supported by a bracket.-`

11 extending from the case 1. TheV gegrift) meshes with a gear 12, theearflbeing mounted on an intermediate siait 13. This intermediate shaftis jouifnal'ed in the' ball bearing 14. A pinion 151s fixed on the lowerend of the shaft` and ,meshes with a gearl,

i Specification of Letters Patent. Appiicmon inea prix 1o, 190s. sealNo. 426,309.

vvalve 5. The shaft 5 is mounted in the beai. ings 6. The bearlngs areclosed to the-tur- Patented Nov. 1o, 190s. 3

the gear 16 being fixed ori a 'spindle 1S. The spindle 18.1s mounted ina bearing 20, the bearing being formed in the cove'r 3a. ,The

spindle 18 has the socket 19 in which a tool may be secured. A ballbearino' 21 is arranged in connection with the bearing 10, and operatesagainst a thrust washer 22 on the gear 16.

A feed screw 23 is screwed into a threaded sleeve 23a in thel cover 3,Iand the wheel 24 provided for actuating the feed screw. This operatesin .a manner common to structures of this kind.

The air or fluid is supplied through a passage 25.' This is incommunication with the passage 26 in a fitting 2T. The fitting 27 isscrewed into the case 1, and the passage 26 comnmnicates with an annularchamber 28 from. which leads the nozzle 29 in proper re lation to thewheel 4. A sleeve 30 is .screwed onto the tting 27, and a valve sleeve31 is arranged within the sleeve 30 forming a chamber 32 between thesleeve 530, and sleeve 31. Ille end of the sleeve 81 Ah as theenlargement 3B which forms a complete closure in the sleeve 30. Thesleeve 31 is provided with the radial openings 33 which register withthe' openings 34 1n a cylindricallyy shaped l This valve has a closure3G at one side of the opening 3l. and a spring 37 maintains the valvenormally in an open position. The end` of the projectlon 27 is cut awayat 38,so as to continue the chamber 32, and the chamber connects withthe passage 26.

A chamber 39 fmmeal back of the valve 35, and this chamber is connectedby a pasLd sage 40 in the projection 2?,.and a passage stl in the case 1with a valve chamber r42. A valve seat 43 is arranged at one side ofthis chamber it being secured in the partition 2 by a screw threadedfollower' 44. A chamber 44 is formed inV this follower, and this has apassa e 44h which is connected by a passage 418 wit i the turbine 'wheelcomparti lnent. A valve 45 operates upon the seat 43.

It is carriedby a stem 46, having a shoulderv 46a. A spring 47 ist'ensioned between this t-ins the valve in a closed position. The

shaft 13 has an opening 1,3l at its axis in which a pin 49 is slidinglymounted. This pinhas a head 50 which 1s engaged by the4 slotted 'ends 51of the bell crank levers 52. The ends 51 extend into a slot 54 in theshaft 13" and are pivo'ced on pins 53 which are mounted on a frame 55.The frame 55 is .Centrifii al'weights' 5.6 are. .secure the centrifugalelemeht of tlfelgovernor`,jan

and passage by fthe .c'.1osu're'ofthe valve 4 5;

:the spring 37. When the speed ofthe lde mum the centri ugal force ofthe weights 56 overcomesv the spr1ngs57, and 1n consequence as the speedis reduced to elow the-des'red valve when the auxiliary, v 'alve closes.

" What I claim as new iszg;

".arated compartments, atu'rbine --wheel c om'- 4fp'artment, andan iltight compartment .for a -lub'ricant;la valve controllm'gtheachnis--cham rying with them thefpin 49, an valve 4 5 open. This 'allows thetrappe air in the'chamber ,39- and connected passa es to -a'rea .is soroportioned `with' relation to the l The use of the auxiliary valvemakes'this. f40.

4'that when theauxiliarv .valve/` is..closedjits upper surface.issubjected to the supply .l ment of the main Valve 'with each'actuation' i 2.Inf fluid actuated@ e, tha-eombma.. G51-tion ofanpinclos'ing case avuig two sepai i f securedltoltheiunder' side ofthe.v ear 12. 4`t' the ends oflt e bell-crank? levers, these formin spris'z57coneot'the weights and lform the. centr etal'elementotthe'goveriror;

'normally leakage past'thef-valve 35 to'fquiekly f ill theer 39and=`jconnected 'passages so that inf consequence the air` trappedfiinthis. chamber approximates .the pressure in the-supply pas-` sages. Thevalve .S5- under lthese'.c'ondit 1ons is' practicallybalanced andisheldopen by vice reachesa oi`nt fabove a desired maxithe weightsmove'outwardly, and the ends 51 of the 'bell crank lever move upwardlycarforcin the.

escape byway of the chamberftla anf v'pas-l sages 48.' The supplypressurethen operates upon only/one si e of the valve 35, and itsstrength o the sprin 37, that it will readily ov com this sprin and.force a movement of t 'e'va e .to closethe o ning. As soon.

maximum Ithe reverse of.these movem nts' takesl lace. Wit turbinef`engines of this ,type it fis. desirable that the supply .be comp etelysliut. ofi' or turned on 1n full as -distinguished' from a throttlingaction ofthe. governor.-

v easy of accomplishment. lt -will be notedf pressure, and this givesadditional -resistance -t'o thecentrifugal action of the welghts, and'.is removed, so th '1' in'fconsequene the auril iary valve i s-instantly opened, th1 s e feet1ng.f an immediate and complete 'closmg' move-The leakage past the main'l 4valve is sufficient tofiirsure .an1mmediate'open1ng-"of the main 1.111 afraid aannemen mathe-bomba@ nationof anin'closing case," aving two.' Sep- [comprising a 4series lof gears;and a i .maas-1 rated' compartments; a "valve controlling theadmissonfof motor fluid; aV turbine whesl in of' said compartments; atransmi ion mechanism in the other of :said compartments OY- erno'r inthe compartment with the transnission mechanism' and nontrollingsaidvalve: .3. I n af Huid actuatedengingthe'combination of a turbine wheel;a driving and driven shaft' in jalineinent withgeach' other;an'inte'rmedialte' shaft; driving and driven sha mediate shaft; a valvecontrolling the sup- Aply of "motor fluid and a governorl carried y theintermediate shaft' 4and controlling t through :the inter- '.'the valve.4. In ailuid-actuatedengine, the combi-' n ation of an'lnclosing case',having two separated compartments; a turbine .Wheel 1n \one of. said.compartments a drivin shaft adrivenshaft.; an intermediate .'sha gearsconnecting saidshafts to transmit the movei 'ment of. the driving shaftto 'thedrive'n shaft through the intermediate shaft, 'the intermediateshaft 'and the 'gears-being arranged in the other of' said coinartments; a=valve controlling the motor. duid slip ly; and a governor'carried b the .intermedi shaft andl controlling saicl' va ve.

ate.

nation of an'incl'osing 'case aving t o s'ep- .1

trolling the main valve; a governor.mount-- ed the vother of saidcompartments and'fac- Hated-by Said. said auxiliar I valve,-

6'. Ina l'uid l actniated engine, the combi- .v nation of 'a turbinewheel; a" valve control- .ling I-thesupply offl'uid. to said'wheehsad-'.valve being cylindrically shaped and; hav'- 'radial openings thereinv'through which as soon as the val've isstarted, reSiStaCe ply "fluidpasses, means for normally turbine' wheel and controlling bala cmg-the-luid pressure' -on the. valve; a A ;governoractuated by th'e wheel; anddevices controlled .by thegovernor .for controlling the'iiiid pressurecontrol-the valve.-

7.''I1 1 a fluid actuated engine, the combination of. a `turbinew`heel;a-valve controlling' the'supply of fluid to. said wheel, saidvalve,being cylindrically shaped and havtg `radial -openings therein; anannu-lar Ic a'mbe'r into which the radialv openings lead; p assagesleading from said chamber 'to the turbine wheel; means for trappingtheiiiiid 'back' lof. they valve comprisin 'a "chamber withil'rtheannular lcham a J'governor actuated .by thewheel; and evices actuated bythe governor controlling '65 6 trapped Huid..

8. In a luidao uated engine, the combination of an 'inclosin case; aturbine wheel; afitting seouredto t 'e case vap on one side of the valveto' v7 5' gears connecting the 'over the sleeve 31' and forming achamberl 26 leading to the turbine Wheelland a passage 27 for trappedfluid; asleeve 30 secured to the fitting and connected .with lthe assage26; a sleeve 31 also secured t'o the fitting and arranged Within thesleeve 30 forming a chamber between them, said sleeve having -ra dialopenings therein leading to the chamber; a valve 1n the sleeve 31 havingradial openings in register With-'the openings in the sleeve; a springtending to maintain the valve in anopen position; a governor actuated bythe Wheel; and devices controlled by i the governor for controlling theescape of-i the,trappedtluid on the back side of the l valve.

,9. In a fluid actuated engine, the combination of a valve 35 havingradial openings therein, and a closure tthereon; the sleeve 31 in whichthe valve is slidably mounted,

said sleeve having a closure 31, atting 27' to which the sleeve 31issecured,ithe sleeve forming a chamber 39 for trapping the fluid; aspring in the chamber; a sleeve'30 leading to t e turbine compartment asairl exhaust for the trapped lluid.

11,` In a fluid actuated engine, the com? bination of an inclosing casehaving two separatedcompartments; a turbine Wheel in one compartment; agovernor inthe other of said compartments; a valve controlling thesupply of motor fluid to the Wheel; means for trapping fluid back of thevalve for oo ntrolling the action of the valve; and devices controlledby the governor for controlling trapped luid comprising passagesforexhausting the trapped, fluid to the coml pertinent having the turbinevvheel.v

12. In a fluid actuated engine, the combination of aninclosingcasevhaving two compartments with a separating partitionbetween them, aturbine Wheel in one of said compartments; a main valvecontrolling the supply ot motor fluid to the turbine lWheel; anauxiliary valve controlling the main valve, the auxiliary valvebeingmounted on the partition; and a governor in the other of saidcompartments cont-rolling the auxiliary valve. v.

v13. In a lluid actuated engine, the com-` bination of an inclosing casehaving 4two.

compartments with a separating partition between them; a turbine wheelin one of said compartments; a main valve controllin the supply of motorfluid to the turbine W eel; an auxiliary valve controlling the\ mainvalve comprisin a valve disk, the seat for the valve, and a ollovverforsecuring. theseat in the partition, said follower having .a

chamber and spring actuated stem for the l .-valve; and a governor inthe other of said' compartments acting upon said stem controlling theauxiliary valve.

14. In a fluid actuated engine, the combination of a turbine Wheel;ayvalve controlling the supply. of fluid to said Wheel; means fornormally balancing the fluid pressure on said valve; a governor actuated.by said Wheel; and devices controlled by the governor forcontrolling-the fluid pressure on one side of the valve to actuate thevalve, to move the valve immediately its full "distance with eachactuation.

15. In a fluid actuatedengine, the com.l bination of a turbine Wheel; avalve c on trolling the supply of fluid to said Wheel, said valve beingsubjected to the supply pressure at one 51de: means for .trapping thefluid at the opposite side of the valve to vary the pressure on thevalve; a overnor actuated by said Wheel;v and devices controlled by thegovernor for controlling the escape of the fluid to control the valve,said devices being proportioned and arran ed tomove the valveimmediately its full istance With each actuation. i i VIn testimony4whereof I have hereunto se my; hand in the presence of two subscribingWitnesses.

, EDWIN J. ARMSTRONG.` Witnesses C. D. HIGBY, K. R. KANE`

